Posts Tagged suomenhevonen
Traveller’s thoughts on riding a finnhorse in Lapland
Posted by viivihoo in Art & Culture, Riding, Video on 21.5.2013
From Dashing Through the Snow… On a Saddled Finnish Horse (blogged 26.4.2013)
Kristin, a traveller from Australia, visited Kamisak Farm in Finnish Lapland in March 2013 and went for a ride on a finnhorse. You can read more about her adventures around the world in her blog “A Pair of Boots and a Backpack”, linked above.
What comes to mind when you think of animals in Lapland? Reindeer? Huskies? Polar bears (and no, they don’t actually live there)?
One animal I certainly wouldn’t have thought of before I went to Finnish Lapland was the horse. Like the cows that didn’t last very long in Honningsvåg, I thought horses wouldn’t survive in such a tough land, one that wouldn’t provide them with much food in the winter or temperatures that they would be comfortable in.
It turns out that I was very wrong. Finland is actually home to its own breed of horse, the Finnhorse, that is confusingly called a “cold-blooded horse.” No, they haven’t found a way to make a horse that’s not a warm-blooded mammal; in this case “cold-blooded” means that the horses are “muscular, heavy-set horses that are bred to be calm, steady, and patient.” Read more
Another beautiful video about finnhorses
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing, Riding, Video on 19.5.2013
A nicely edited and sporty looking video resume about all kinds of things you can do with a finnhorse. :)
Video by SpiderTiipa
Photo of the week: Tuulensuun Sinuhe
Posted by viivihoo in Photo of the week, Pony-sized horses on 18.5.2013
Video: Run, my little horse
Posted by viivihoo in Art & Culture, Riding, Video on 17.5.2013
Krisse posted this video on her blog where she writes about her 3-year-old young stallion Rohkelikon Into. “Ukko” has been in training for the last two months with Vilppu at Ypäjä, preparing for the annual young horse show.
The song on the video is “Juokse sinä humma” sung by Tapio Rautavaara. Translation for the lyrics at Lyricstranslate.com:
Run my little horse
Run my little horse,
Since the sky is so dark
And the travel ahead is rather long.
In the end that girl didn’t come to my ride,
For I’m a boy on the wild side.
refrain:
Hey my little horse, hey my little horse,
Huputiti hey my little horse!
Run my little horse,
Since the sky is so dark
And we are going by slowly with the two of us.
Horse is the only treasure of a boy,
No-one else has quite alike it.
refrain2:
Hey my little horse, hey my little horse,
Huputiti hey my little horse!
Run my little horse,
Since the sky is so dark
And shadows are covering my way.
Quietly my song echoes from the road
And my flaxen horse is swaying its mane.
refrain2
Run my little horse,
Since the sky is so dark
And a bell is under the shaft.
Ohh, how small pieces
Is my bread across the world.
refrain
Run my little horse,
When the sky is so dark
And wind is moaning in the wood.
There’s a small cottage in the curve of a road
And Cherrylip is staying there.
refrain2
Hey my little horse, hey my little horse,
Hey, stop here my little horse.
Splashed white gene found in finnhorses
Posted by viivihoo in Breeding & pedigrees on 16.5.2013
From Klemola oli oikeassa: Suomenhevosessa on Splashed White-kirjavuusgeeni! (Leena Alerini at Hevosurheilu.fi 11.5.2013)

Intiaani is a splashed white! (photo from the source article at hevosurheilu.fi)
It has been widely argued wether this rare color gene exists in finnhorses or not. Valto Klemola, a scientist who researched color genetics already in the 1930s, said it did, and now his theory has been proved true. Splashed white is said to be extremely rare and wanted color on horses.
There are multiple examples of finnhorses with exceptionally big white markings, both in living horses and in old photos. But still there seems to have been some lack of evidence that wasn’t known until now. The gene test had to wait until 2012. It was made in Davis University in California, and the test showed that this gene is indeed found in the finnhorse.
The horse that was tested is called Intiaani. She was tested for splashed white and sabino genes. Sabino test came out negative, but the current gene technology can only find one of the many mutations that gives the sabino coloring, so she might be a carrier of some other mutation. Intiaani is a heterozygous splashed white, which means that she got it from either her sire Turtuma or dam R.R. Vilma.
Photo of the week: Priori
Posted by viivihoo in Breeding & pedigrees, Photo of the week, Riding on 11.5.2013
Experiencing foal fever…
Posted by viivihoo in Breeding & pedigrees, Statistics, contests & other on 9.5.2013

Mommy in a few months? First foal expected to be born in July, fingers crossed! Thanks for the photo Roosa L. (9.4.2013)
It seems that summer will be here soon. That big yellow bulb has been reported to be seen in the sky every now and then, the snow is melting -and many foals of 2013 have already been born!
My Facebook wall is full of photos of those tiny, ever-so-cute creatures trying to figure out their spider-like long legs, seeing and tasting the world… And soon galloping big circles around their mom outside in the field. Needless to say I can’t wait to see our first foal to be born in July.

Sumiainen, photo by Peppi-Emilia Salmi
The sire of this next king/queen is the 1st prize R-stallion Sumiainen. He unfortunately died in October 2012, so this will be his last age-class. He succeeded well in national dressage arenas as well as in show ring for years and has sired 7 foals until 2012. This little one will be a rarity! :)
The “foal project” as we like to call it with my friend, started last summer first just as a joke, but it caught on quite quickly and soon we were looking at stallion ads -why not?! The Finnish summer is short, the ideal time for a foal to be born would be May or June to provide them the longest possible time for grazing outside. Still we weren’t too slow with the decisions and the first covering was an instant success. A few weeks later we could start thinking about the possible names we could be giving to this newcomer.
So far the winter has gone by the book with no problems whatsoever. I can only hope that the foaling will be like that as well and Elyse will prove herself as a good mother. Luckily we have one other mare foaling in the same stable this summer, and she has had a few foals so there is also support available for the newbie. ;)
(We are semi-secretly hoping for a flaxen-mained colt, but we’ll see…)
Photo of the week: Lorentso
Posted by viivihoo in Breeding & pedigrees, Photo of the week, Riding on 4.5.2013
Giveaway winner announcement
Posted by viivihoo in Statistics, contests & other on 1.5.2013
First of all, thank you all who participated the giveaway! I will organize more of them in the future, so stay tuned, and if you have any ideas regarding the giveaways, don’t be shy to share your ideas.
And the winner of the 4-piece poster set is…
Pirkko M.
I have sent an e-mail to Pirkko, be sure to check your e-mail! :)
Two finnhorse stallions in private inspection
Posted by viivihoo in Breeding & pedigrees, Harness racing on 30.4.2013
From Neljä oritta yksityistarkastuksessa Vermossa (Hippos.fi)
Four stallions were privately inspected for breeding in Helsinki on April 15th. Two of them were finnhorses and two standardbreds (Aaron de Veluwe and Tannerman Can).
You can see more statistics and information on stallions here (pdf).
A.T. Visku 1149-03J
A.T. Visku, photo by Eero Perttunen
Born 2003, breeder Aapo Teperi, Köyliö.
Conformation points 8-7-8-6/-8-6, II prize
Starts: 131, 9-21-15, 63 375 € 1.22,3a – 1.24,4
Turbo-Urpo 1093-05J
Turbo-Urpo, photo by Eero Perttunen
Born 2005, breeder Jokinen Jari & Päivi, Humppila
Conformation points: 8-8-9-7/8-6, II prize.
Records 1.23,8aly, 1.24,6ke Winnings 84 720 e, race statistics 72: 15-10-7
Photo of the week: Saaren Kiho
Posted by viivihoo in Photo of the week on 27.4.2013
Tips for coldblood races 21st April 2103
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 21.4.2013
See also How to bet on Finnish Horse Races
My apologies for not making it in time for Tornio races at 12 o’clock!
Toto75 at Pori was exceptionally moved to Sunday because of a big ice hockey match taking place in Pori.
Here are some tips for today’s races (see the race card here).
Pori Toto 75, 15.00
by Jouni Toroska
Race 4
A) 12 Kuultava, 8 Valenssi, 11 Loimun Casimir, 5 Säikän Syke, 3 Torakles
B) 7,6,10,4,1
C) 9,2
Race 5, Satakunta Senior
A) 5 Siirin Älli
B) 7,3,13,4,12,9,15,14,10
C) 11,6,1,16,8,2
Race 7
A) 2 Multi Tella, 8 Akin Passi, 7 Aaron Hem, 12 Fannikka, 10 Suitero
B) 9,1,11,5,3
C) 4,6
Race 10
A) 1 Rapin Aatos
B) 10,2,8,5,3,4,9,6
C) 7,12,11
Race 12
A) 12 Topin Musta
B) 1,7,9,5,4,6,10,11
C) 2,8,3
TOTO75 (races 5-11)
small system
I 5 (7,3)
II 1,2,4,5,8,11,12,13,15 (16,10)
III 2,7,8,10,12 (9,1)
IV 2,9 (3,11)
V 2,4,6,10 (11,3)
VI 1 (10,2)
VII 10 (2,3)
360*0,05 €= 18€
Big system
I 5 (7,3)
II 1,2,4,5,8,11,12,13,15 (16,10)
III 1,2,7,8,9,10,12 (11,5)
IV 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,12 (8,10)
V 2,4,6,10 (11,3)
VI 1 (10,2)
VII 10 (2,3)
2520*0,05€ = 126€
TOTO4 (races 9-12)
Small system
I 2,4,6,10 (11,3)
II 1 (10,2)
III 10 (2,3)
IV 1,12 (7,9)
8*0,20€ = 1,60€
Big system
I 2,3,4,6,10,11 (7,12)
II 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10 (7,12)
III 10 (2,3)
IV 1,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12 (2,8)
486*0,20€ = 97,20€
TROIKKA (race 12)
Small system
I 12 Topin Musta
II 1,7,9
III 1,4,5,6,7,9,10,11
21*0,50€ = 10,50€
Big system
I 1,12
II 1,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12
III 1,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12
112 *0,50€ = 56€
More 75-tips at IS Ravit
Tips for coldblood races 19th & 20th April 2013
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 19.4.2013
See also How to bet on Finnish horse races
Friday 19th April
Jyväskylä Toto5 18.00
Race 3
8 Iidan Tähti – 11 M.J. Timjami – 13 K.P. Uljas – 15 Jamir
Race 4
A) 2 Wizard Stina, 4 Topper, 5 Krimori, 8 Kirmon Vire, 7 Calimero, 1 Suletti
B) 9,3,6
Race 7
A) 3 Vippaskonsti, 2 Muiston Hurja,6 Vektorin Maine
B) 1,7
C) 9,5,8,10
Race 10
4 Valo-Hovi – 5 Tuhti-Piika – 7 Peli-Pertsa – 8 Hymyhattara
Saturday 20th April
Mikkeli Toto5 14.00
Race 1.
A) 12,13,9+ B) 14,15,4,3,5,8,10,2,1,6,11,7
JALOVERTTI – PUULAN TUULI – PANTSA – H.M. INTO
Race 6.
A) 2 B) 8,7,5,6,12,4,3,9,1,11,10
KRIGORI – TAIKALIINU – KAS INNOKAS – KATINKULTA
Race 8.
A) 9,15,7 B) 2,13,3,5,1,14,8,12,10,4 C) 6,11
HUMUN HUMU – SUIVIKAS – TULI-KARKELO – BALETIN SALAMA
Race 10.
A) 1,9,12 B) 6,5,11,7,13,8,4,10 C) 2,3
RINGATAR – EKON TÄHTI – KUKKAROSUON SAKU – KIKAN ROMEO
Kouvola Toto4 17.30
Race 4
A) 9 Pörnä-Tyttö
B) 6 R.R. Erotar – 7 V.G. Wilhelmiina – 10 Sirun Viikari – 12 Heristella – 8 Lumi-Iiris – 11 Pindaros – 4 Tähen Taika
Race 6
A) 1 Aarteen Vilperi
B) 3 Lycker – 7 Hanslankari – 5 Dumbledor – 6 Suvin Sisu
Race 8
A) 11 Hujanhajan – 5 Simatov
B) 3 Kairan Tyttö – 9 Onnenhetki – 2 Iitan Onni
Race 10
A) 1 Säväyksen Onni
B) 7 Viksun Tyttö – 10 I.P. Piirto – 13 A.T. Vekkuli – 9 Hämis Rubiini – 5 Vieskerin Vissi – 12 Leevi Lounatuuli – 11 Poika-Hermo
Photo of the week: Vuohimäen Hilla
Posted by viivihoo in Photo of the week, Pony-sized horses on 19.4.2013
Tips for coldblood races 18th April 2013
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 18.4.2013
See also How to bet on Finnish horse races
Thursday 18th April
Lahti 18.00 (GMT+2) Toto5
Race 2
A) 3 Lopun Huiske
B) 11, 1, 13,6,7,10
C) 14,9,8,5,4,2
Race 7
A) 5 Rikelme, 10 Pyrypolun Dumdum
B) 4,7,1,2,12
C) 8,6,11,3,9
Tips for coldblood races 16 & 17th April 2013
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 16.4.2013
Links to tips for today’s races by professionals. Follow the links for more. :)
See also How to bet on Finnish horse races.
Tuesday 16th April
Tampere 18.00 Toto5
Race 1: A) 7 Loimun Casimir,5 Åstiina,14 Suhhaus B) 16,1,8,13,11,9,4,15,12,6 C) 2,3,10
Race 5, Toto5-2: A) 11 A.T. Veeti,1 Turnaus,16 Haastava B) 14,10,13,7,15,12,5,4,9 C) 6,8,3,2
Wednesday 17th April
Oulu 12.00 Toto4
Race 2, Toto4-1
A: 10 Riutan Perenna
B: 6,1,5,2,12
C: 11,4,3,8,7
D: 9
Helsinki 18.30 Toto65
Race 4:
A) 6-2-5
B) 10-8-1-11-3-4-9
C) 7-12
B. TUUMA – SAAREN POIKA – HOPIHOPI – PRONTUS
Race 8:
A) 8-3-9
B) 10-7-6-1-4-5-11-2-12
HELMIN – SUOMIPOIKA – TOTTES – RIUTAN LENTO
Video: Kajon Koru
Posted by viivihoo in Breeding & pedigrees, Video on 15.4.2013
Winter fun. :)
Video by KatanTalli1.
What is the deal with pony-sized finnhorses?
Posted by viivihoo in Pony-sized horses on 13.4.2013

Friisin Paletti. Photo by Jasmina Sulkumäki
Pony-sized finnhorse, small horse, yet not a pony, but in my opinion a bit more describing term would be “finnpony”. One breeding section of the finnhorse, but
What is it actually?
Finnhorse was originally a small horse breed to start with, standing 105-130 cm in height. Crossbreeding gave them bigger size in pursue of strong working horses, resulting in the modern, 150-160 cm high finnhorses by average.
P-studbook was founded in 1971, when there was only a small population of these pony-sized horses left. There are breeders who are looking for these smaller individuals. The criteria for P-studbook is pretty similar to other pony breeds: the horse has to stand 148 cm or below at highest and be well proportioned, meaning small in every aspect, not just a big horse with short legs. Inspection consists of showing and riding or driving tests, which do not include very difficult tasks and passing is considered generally easier than to other studbooks.
So you could say that the P-studbook was founded to answer the growing demand of riding ponies. Importing riding horses and ponies grew vastly in the 70′s. Nowadays finnhorses have made their way to riding arenas but pony-sized finnhorses seem to be left behind. Or is this just my feeling?

Color range is quite rich among pony-sized finnhorses. Black stallion Millin Nokinen, photo by Hippos/Eero Perttunen
What can you do with them?
Short answer: Anything.
Longer answer: Most often Finnponies are used for riding and driving. They are advertised as a multipurpose pony, since you can race them, ride them or use them as work horses same as the bigger ones, the only limit being the horse’s small size, which on the other hand makes them good for pony classes in riding and combined driving. A few finnponies have already shown their skills in combined driving, for example Hessin Vihtori and Vuohimäen Havu both placed in international Baltic Cup in 2012 and also in the Finnish championships.
Personally I think that the biggest problem in riding competitions are the age limitations for riders. After you turn 16, you either have to take your pony to open classes against bigger horses or switch to horses yourself. This means that very few adult riders are seen in the saddles of ponies in Finland. Luckily the Pony-sized Finnhorse Association has noticed this flaw as well and organizes their championships for both senior and junior riders on finnponies. But that’s only once a year…
There are also a few successful trotters that are pony-sized, the most famous of them must be stallion called Liptus, who competed altogether 412 times in his career with record 1.21,4 and over 300 000 € winnings, standing only 144 cm in height. Most often small horses are considered less good for racing, though, since the horses with longer legs seem to get an obvious advantage on the track.
Finnpony has its own fan base, but from the marketing point of view it could have a bit clearer brand so it would be easier to introduce to new people and possible buyers and future breeders. “Anything, but not exactly everything” doesn’t work very well as a motto for today’s market.
What do you think could be a good slogan for finnponies? :)
Related articles
Tips for coldblood races 13th-15th April 2013
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 13.4.2013
See also How to bet on Finnish horse races for instructions on betting online for Finnish races.
Saturday 13th April
Seinäjoki, Toto75 15.00, Prix de Etain Royal Seinäjoki
Race 1: A) 5 Woima, 4 Lover B) 8, 7, 3, 11, 12, 9, 2, 6 C) 10, 1
Race 3: A) 3 Suitero, 1 Aaron Hem B) 2, 9, 8, 6, 5, 11, 12 C) 4, 7, 10
Race 5: A) 3 Turoveli, 4 Rapin Aatos B) 7, 1, 5, 12, 9, 8, 10 C) 6, 2, 11
Race 9: A) 3 Boker, 1 Faksen Jr B) 4, 5, 7, 12, 2, 11 C) 6, 9, 10, 8
Ilta-Sanomat gives also free tips for the Toto75.
Sunday 14th April
Kuopio Toto4 14.00
Race 1: 3,7,6,1,2
DEMON – SIRKULA – GREKOR – VÄLKYN TUULI
Race 3: 6,10,11,2,4,9,7
VIHJEEN VETO – TURBO – JALOVERTTI – VIIRUN HUISKAUS
Race 4: 7,2,3,6
EKOLOKI – CARMELA – HISTULI – POIKA-HERMO
Race 11: 4,7,9,11,12,2
JOONAS KEVÄTÖN – MEIJÄN TYTTÖ – VIVANTTI – HOVIN ELVIS
Race 11, Troikka:
I 4 Joonas Kevätön
II 2,7,9,11,12
III 2,7,9,11,12
Ylivieska Toto5, 17.30
Race 1: 1. A: 5. Spektaakkeli – 14. Suklaarilla B: 3. Sokeri Oskari – 1. Vinyyli – 7. Aspekti – 13. Mimmin Kurko – 6. Rillakko – 4. Vikilee – 8. Mirvatuuli (13. Sulo-Petteri)
Race 7: A: 6 Raahen Santra,12 Sopun Haaste,7 Erä-Heppu,1 Hilun Huiske B: 16,4,11 C: 10,13,15,3,8,5,2 D: 10,14
Race 10. A: 4. Sasku - B: 11. Veluuri – 9. Iinan Kolibri – 6. A.K. Aku – 12. Mimmin Maestro
Race 11: A: 4 Vieskerin Toive,6 Saku-Santeri,2 Teskeri B: 11,10,7,8,4 C: 9,12,1,3
Monday 15th April
Forssa Toto5 18.00
Race 2: A: 3 Esse, 2 Kejsaren B:4, 6, 11, 1, 8, 9, 10 C: 7, 12, 5
Race 3: A: 11 Villikunkku, 10 Veeran Linkki B: 6, 2, 9, 8 C:1, 4, 7
Race 5: A: 3 Santalan Kaarna, 5 Hirmun Teräs, 1 Viipori, 6 Loisto-Piirto, 10 Turento B: 11, 12, 4 C: 2, 7, 8, 9
Race 8: A: 6 Valvi B: 7, 1, 5, 3, 14, 11, 15, 12, 13 C: 9, 3, 10, 8, 4 D: 16
Photo of the week: Euro-Turo
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing, Photo of the week on 12.4.2013
Tips for coldblood races 11th & 12th April 2013
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 11.4.2013
See also How to bet on Finnish horse races.
Thursday 11th of April
Kouvola Toto5, 18.00
Race 1
A) 16 Vihjeen Veto – 6 Räiskäys – 8 Chillaus – 11 Salaus B) 2 Tähen Taika – 3 Roosa Juulia – 1 Servori – 10 Veli Vinkaisu – 12 Jalomortti – 9 Ankeliini – 14 Sirun Sisu
Race 6
A) 11 Vennelmon Voima B) 1 Retro – 9 Krigori – 14 Aarteen Vilperi – 5 Kaino Kipinä – 10 Aristoteles – 3 Heristella – 2 H.M. Into
Race 9
A) 7 B. Tuuma B) 8 Vietteli – 4 Tatsia – 2 Muiston Hurja – 10 Tuikun Poju – 3 Tärpätti – 11 Lycker – 1 Madrid – 5 R.R. Veera
Race 9, Troikka:
I7 B. Tuuma
II8 Vietteli, 4 Tatsia, 2 Muiston Hurja, 10 Tuikun Poju, 3 Tärpätti
III8 Vietteli, 4 Tatsia, 2 Muiston Hurja, 10 Tuikun Poju, 3 Tärpätti, 11 Lycker, 1 Madrid ja 5 R.R. Veera
35 combinations with 0,50 € bet = 17,50€
Friday 12th of April
Mikkeli Toto4, 12.00
Race 5
A) 2 B) 8,4,9,11,12,3,1,13 C) 6,5,7
R.R. EROTAR – HEKOHEKO – VASALLI – ARIMAN
Turku, Toto5, 18.00
Race 1
A) 1 B) 2,3,12, 8,7,14,6,9 C) 10,11,4,5
Race 5
A) 2,9,10,1,5 B) 11,8,7 C) 4,6,3
Race 10
A) 8,6,1 B) 5,2,4,3 C) 7
Video: Combined driving with Kihin Jussi
Leena Kalalahti and Kihin Jussi, video by veiliu1
Tips for coldblood races 9th & 10th April 2013
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing on 9.4.2013
Tampere 9th April, Toto5 18.00
Race 1: A) 13,4,15 B) 10,8,6,14,1,3,16,8,12,7,11,9,2,5 C) –
Race 6: A) 11,8,2 B) 9,1,3,5,6,7,10,4 C) -
Race 8: A) 2,12,8 B) 7,10,11,1,14,6,13,4,5 C) 15,3,9
Oulu 10th April, Toto4
Tips weren’t ready when I wrote this post, but follow the link to find the updated page. :)
Helsinki 10th April, Toto65
Race 4:
A) 1-10-2
B) 12-4-6-11-5-3-7-9-8-13
WARRIORI – TUIKUN POJU – ROKIN MAXI – HENKAN HUIMA
Race 8:
A) 6-2-8
B) 1-5-4-3-7
DIORI – STUNTTI – IRO-NEITO – VIATOM
Recognize the royals -competition on Facebook
Posted by viivihoo in Harness racing, Statistics, contests & other on 8.4.2013

Lohdutus and Eri-Aaroni, not featured in this competition. Photo: Wikimedia Commons
From Kuninkaallinen kuvavisa! (Kuninkuusravit Facebook page)
This competition is not organised by this blog, but I wanted to help promoting it because I love the idea. It requires a bit of investigation work, but is not too difficult task thanks to Sukuposti‘s well organized site. I found them all, can you? :)
The idea is to find names for each horse. All the pictures come from Sukuposti database.
You can find the pictures here.
Do not comment the pictures on Facebook! Let’s give a chance for others too. ;)
- Send your answers to kuninkuusravit@kuopionravirata.fi
- Just a list: 1. “Horse X” 2. “X and X”.
- Remember to give your contact information in the e-mail, so they can send you the prizes if you win. First prize is two tickets to finnhorse trotting championships weekend in July.
- Only correct answers get to participate the raffle!
- The competition is open until 19th of April, 2013
Translated clues for pictures:
1. What is the name of this Pikkukunkku winner?
2. Trotter king
3. Trotter king
4. Pikkuprinssi winner
5. Trotter queen
6. Trotter king
7. Trotter king
8. Trotter queen
9. Trotter queen, dam for a Derby winner
10. Trotter queen AND the king -you have to know both
11. Pikkuprinssi winner and sire for a trotter king
12. Pikkuprinssi winner
Have fun!







